; In hot climates, verandahs or chajjas or sum breakers may be provided. You can hardly find a student who enjoys writing a college papers. Your message goes here Windows should be such that there is an open passage for wind. NOSPlan - National Organisation of Students of Planning Scribd will begin operating the SlideShare business on September 24, 2020 Hospital school, drawing office, the library should be located on North Side i.e.
If it's short, it could be pure orientation time, during which the staff member does nothing else, or it could fit in around a work schedule.
I hope it would helps.In this article, You are going to learn the 11 essential parts components of a Building in details. All buildings have the same components such as foundation, walls, floors, and roof.Water and electricity have also to be supplied to the buildings to make them habitable.In this article, we will briefly examine the various components of civil works and building services.The important parts of an ordinary building are shown in A building can be divided into substructure (foundation) and superstructure, the plinth level being the dividing line between them.In building construction, we study how the civil works are carried out in the field after they have been planned by an architect and structurally designed by an engineer.We should be aware that many aspects are involved in the preliminary planning and design of buildings.Work of this nature for small buildings may be taken by non-architects also.However, the construction of a building should always be carried out under the supervision of a qualified person.We will now briefly examine the construction of the different components of a building.All the loads of superstructure are transmitted to the foundation.A foundation engineer should know how to examine the soil profile and arrive at a suitable foundation.The following are some of the different types of foundation generally used:(Grade beams on under-reamed piles are also called capping beams).The plinth is a dividing line between the substructure and superstructure.Thus, the projecting part of the wall above the ground level to the floor level is the plinth.The plinth is usually kept at least 45 cm (1.5 ft) above the general ground level of the building.The provision of a plinth beam and damp-proof course at plinth level are very important in building construction.The damp proof course is a layer provided in building to prevent the entering of dampness from the ground to the building components.Buildings may also be constructed as a framed structure with columns and footings andMost of the flats and high-rise buildings are built this way.It is the place where the inhabitants perform their most activities.It is constructed on the filling and laid over the plinth level.Floors are usually made from different types of materials, such as, Top floors are nowadays usually made of reinforced concrete.The most important item in housing is to have a “roof over one’s head.”A roof is a layer which covers the structure from the top.It also prevents the building and inhabitants from the ill effects of the environment.Depending on the finances available and also the climatic conditions, we can have different kinds of roofs.Many types of roofs and roofing materials are available nowadays.Openings are necessary in buildings for passages inside and outside the buildings.A detailed study of doors and windows is an important part of building construction as the expenditure on this item alone can go up to 15 to 20 percent of the total cost of civil works.Traditionally, doors and windows were made of wood and hence, this work is sometimes referred to as woodwork in buildings.Other woodworks like provision of cupboards are also important, but it comes under the subject of interior decoration.Nowadays most buildings are made more than one storey high.Which means there should be a way to go from one storey of the building to another.Study of the layout and design of ornamental staircases is a special subject.Usually, vertical transportation devices like electric lifts are to be provided in buildings having more than four floors including the ground floor.The final appearance of a building depends very much on its finishing.It is essential that we have a knowledge of the finishing to be used on the various materials of construction such as plaster, wood, These works are considered separate from civil works and are also Design and details of these will be studied in public health engineering under building services.However, an elementary treatment of the subject is always included in basic building construction.Lighting and supply of electricity for various pieces of equipment used in buildings also come under building services.The supply and distribution of electricity in a building is a specialized work to be carried out by an electrical engineer.However, the basics of these works are also usually dealt with in elementary building construction.Usually, a lump sum equal to 25 to 30 percent of civil works is estimated as the probable expense for the above two items taken together.such a valuable post. • Proper placement of component of building with respect to sun , wind and rain which enables the inmates to enjoy the desirable feature of nature.
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Orientation • Orientation means placing so as to face East. 2 months ago Building should be such that there is no direct sunlight on it.
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