The expeditionary force which the Australian government offered to Britain in August 1914 was composed only of volunteers, since earlier legislation forbade the deployment of conscripts overseas.
Parliament’s role
A second Act passed in May 1916 extended conscription to married men.
Immigration due to the Irish Great Famine (1845–1852) had provided many thousands of men as potential recruits although issues of race, religion, pacifism and personal allegiance created some resistance to service. In 1918 during the last months of the war, the Military Service (No. Effects of conscription. The anti-conscription campaign was arguably nationalist Ireland’s most complete, and bloodless, victory over British imperialism in the 20th century. The Conscription Crisis of 1918 stemmed from a move by the British Government to impose conscription (military draft) in Ireland during the First World War.Vigorous opposition was led by the trade unions, nationalist parties and Roman Catholic bishops and priests. Both sides, excluding Radical Nationalist, supported the British Army during WW1 in belief that, in return, the British Empire would please their side.
As an occupying country, Britain did not want to 1) antagonize and 2) train Irish soldiers who would be not loyal to them. Irish-American Catholics served on both sides of the American Civil War (1861–1865) as officers, volunteers and draftees. Conscription was not popular and in April 1916 over 200,000 demonstrated against it in Trafalgar Square. Although many men failed to respond to the call-up, in the first year 1.1 million enlisted.
This imposed conscription on all single men aged between 18 and 41, but exempted the medically unfit, clergymen, teachers and certain classes of industrial worker.
Conscription was not applied to Ireland because of the 1916 Easter Rising, although in fact many Irishmen volunteered to fight. Visiting Parliament
Conscription was extended until 1920 to enable the army to deal with continuing trouble spots in the Empire and parts of Europe. The government saw no alternative but to increase numbers by conscription – compulsory active service.
But this was not enough to keep pace with mounting casualties. RTÉ is not responsible for the content of external internet sites. 2. In this section
In January 1916 the Military Service Act was passed.
Members of Parliament
Get involved with Parliament
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In this section
Lord Kitchener’s campaign – promoted by his famous "Your Country Needs You" poster – had encouraged over one million men to enlist by January 1915. Conscientious objectors – men who objected to fighting on moral grounds– were also exempted, and were in most cases given civilian jobs or non-fighting roles at the front. The Irish Parliamentary Party, however, opposed conscription and there were concerns from British politicians over the friction that already existed in Ireland. Legislation and debate
Initial drafts of the Military Service Bill had included Ireland but were met with
Irish exclusion from conscription is ‘a national disgrace’ | The Century Ireland project is an online historical newspaper that tells the story of the events of Irish life a century ago Traditionally, there had been no conscription in Ireland, at least not after the 17th century. Irish did serve in the British army, but only as volunteers. Ultimately, the arguments of Mr. Redmond and his colleagues swayed the government to exclude Ireland from the Bill.#Antwerp1920: Athletics were on the agenda at the first official day of the 1920...Galway-born Tom Glynn was a prominent labour activist, ideologue and journalist...This week 100 years ago, the Unionist Anti-Partition League were championing...The Century Ireland project is an online historical newspaper that tells the story of the events of Irish life a century ago.RTÉ.ie is the website of Raidió Teilifís Éireann, Ireland's National Public Service Broadcaster. Irish Australians active in wider groups Here are some examples of Irish Australians who were active in anti-conscription groups.
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